Siyini 'isitsha esincane' socingo?
Lezi "zitshe ezincane" zibizwa ngokwesayensiothambekelazi, ngoba esikhathini esidlule, iningi lazo lazenziwe ngama-ceramics, abasebenzi abaningi bamandla bathanda ukubabizaAmabhodlela e-Porcelain. Ungabukeli phansi lezi 'zitsha ezimbalwa', zinjaloizingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zemigqa yokuhambisa,ngokuqondile okuhlobene nokuqina nokusebenza okuphephile kwegridi yamandla.
Yini ama-insulators?
Othambekelazibakhiwa ngokufakwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinsimbi zensimbi, futhi ngokuvamile ziboshelwe ndawonye ngokunamathela phakathi. Ingxenye yezinto ezibonakalayo zokufakwa ingaqinisekisa ugesi omuhle
Amandla okufakwa kwe-insulator, ngenkathi ingxenye ye-Hardware isetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-insulator.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zabahlaseli.
Ngokuya kwe- Indlela yokufaka, ingahlukaniswa ikakhuluAma-insulances wokumiswa kanye nabaphangi be-insulators.
△Ama-insulances wokumiswa Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufakwa kanye nokulungiswa kwemishini kwamabhasi amabhasi aguqukayo ekuphakameni kwemigqa yokudlulisela i-Voltage Overhead, iziteshi zamandla, kanye nezingane. Ama-insulance amisiwe angahlukaniswaI-disc - imisele yokumiswa ebunjiwe futhi induku - ama-insulators abunjiwe.
Izinsika ze-inflars zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kokulungiswa kanye nokulungiswa kwemishini kwamabhasi kanye nemishini kagesi eziteshini zikagesi kanye nasezingeniso. Ama-insulances weposi ajwayele ukusetshenziswa njengezakhi zemishini kagesi efana nokushintsha okuhlukanisayo kanye nabaphula umjikelezo.
Ngokusho kwezinto zokufakwa ezisetshenzisiwe, Ingahlukaniswa Ama-insulators we-ceramic, ama-insulators ezingilazi, kanye nama-insulators abahlanganisi (eyaziwa nangokuthi ama-insulance ahlanganisiwe).Ama-insulators wengilazi kanye nama-porcelain infators ikakhulukazidisc - ebunjiwe, Ngenkathi ama-inflators ahlanganisiwe ikakhulukazi enduku ende - ebunjiwe. Ngakho-ke, "isitsha esincane" kungenzeka ukuthi i-insulator ye-insulator yengilazi ye-porcelain.
Yini inzuzo yabahlaseli be-porcelain?
Ingxenye yokufakwa kwe-porcelain insulator yenziwe ngama-ceramics kagesi, anokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuqina okushisayo, i-anti eqinile - amandla okuguga, indawo eguquguqukayo kanye nomhlangano oguquguqukayo. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesici, akulula ukutholakala.
Yini inzuzo ye-insulators yengilazi?
Ingxenye yokufakwa kwezinja zengilazi yenziwe ngengilazi enomsindo, enamandla aphezulu emishini, ayithambekele ekuqhekekeni ebusweni, futhi inezinga lokuguga kancane.
Yini inzuzo ye-inflators eyinhlanganisela?
Ama-insulators ahlanganisiwe mancane ngosayizi, ukukhanya kwesisindo, ukuphakama kwamandla ashubile futhi okuhle kakhulu ekuphathweni kwe-floalover, kepha i-anti yawo iphansi kwe-porcelain kanye ne-inflators yengilazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukungcola kokungamelana ne-insulators eklanyelwe ngqo izindawo ezingcoliswe kakhulu (Kusho ukuthini ukungcola? Masembulani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi!
Uyini umsebenzi 'we-bowl ephansi omncane'?
Uyini umsebenzi wabathambisi?
Imigqa yokuhambisa sivame ukubona ukuthi iyasekelwa futhi ixhunywe ngemibhoshongo yensimbi nezigxobo. Umngani wake wabuza, waqinisa izigxobo zokhonkolo kanye nemibhoshongo yensimbi yomabili ama-coolrors, kanti izintambo ezinamazinga aphezulu kagesi ngokuvamile "izintambo ezingenalutho" ngaphandle kokufakelwa. Ngeke kube khona ukuvuza lapho kuxhunyiwe kubo?
Eqinisweni, uma ubona ngokucophelela, uzothola ukuthi izintambo azixhumekile ngqo ezigxotsheni nemibhoshongo, kodwa kubafazi.
Kulesi sibalo esingenhla, kungabonakala ukuthi ucingo luhlelwe ku-insulator, i-insulator ihlelwe engosini yesiphambano (I.e. Uhlaka lwensimbi), kanye nengalo yensimbi ilungiswe esigxotsheni noma i-Iron Tower.
Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi we-insulators yile:
✔ Ukuze ubekezelele ukungezwani nengcindezi ekhiqizwe ngocingo, lungisa ucingo embhoshongweni.
✔ Sungula ukufakwa okuhle phakathi kwabaqhubi bamanje (njengezintambo) nomhlaba.
Emigqeni yokuhambisa enamazinga aphezulu ama-voltage, ama-insulators ngokuvamile akuyena "okukodwa okulwa nokulwa", kepha axhunyiwe ochungechungeni. Sibiza lolu hlobo lwe- "Group Combat" I-Insulator String. Izinga eliphakeme lamandla kagesi emugqa wokuhambisa, isikhathi eside i-insulator string ngokuvamile.
Ake sifake indawo encane:
Ngelinye ilanga, wena nentombi yakho (isoka) bebehamba ngomgwaqo lapho kungazelelwe i-Iron Tower noLayini wokuhambisa Amandla bavela phambi kwabo. Intombi yami (isoka) Ezinhle ngogesi selinqume ukukuvivinya: "Yikuphi izinga le-voltage lomugqa wokuhambisa
Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga kuphela ukuthola "isitsha esincane" emugqeni wokuhambisa bese ubale inani lezitsha "ezincanyana" ukuze zinqume ngokulinganayo ama-voltage level yomugqa.
Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma--
Kunezitsha eziphakeme "ezintathu" zemigqa yamandla ka-35 kV,
Kunezitsha ezingaba ngu-7 "zemigqa engu-110 kV,
Kunezitsha ezingaba ngu-14 "zemigqa yamandla ka-220 kV,
Kunezitsha ezincane ezingaba ngu-19 zemigqa engama-330 kV,
Cishe ama-28 "izitsha ezincane" zemigqa engama-500 kv,
Cishe ama-36 "izitsha ezincane" zemigqa engu-750 kV,
Kunezitsha ezincane ezingaba ngu-58 ze-1000 kV ziqonde.
Vele, lokhu kungukuphela kokwahlulela okunzima, futhi okuvame ukujwayela ukuhlaziywa, njengokuphakama - ukuphakama, izindawo ezingcoliswe kakhulu noma ama-insulators adinga ukungezwa.
Le yintambo ye-insulator enamandla kagesi aphezulu we-1000 kilovolts. Ngemuva kokubala ngokucophelela, kunezitsha ezincane ezingaba ngu-50 - ", ziningi kakhulu!
Kungani ama-insulators enziwa ngale ndlela?
Lapha kudingeka siqale sichaze igama elifanelekile elihlobene eduze nabenzi bokuhlaziya - Ukungcola kweFlashover.
Ukungcoliswa kothuli kwezolimo, ukungcoliswa kosogwini lwe-alkali, i-coast yasolwandle (inkungu), ukungcola kwenkungu, ukungcoliswa kwezinyoni nokunye okunamathiselwe ebusweni bezinhlaka zemishini kagesi kuzokwakha ifilimu elisebenzayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinomswakama. Lokhu kungahle kuholele ekuvuza kwamanje okugeleza ngaphakathi kwe-insulator kanye ne-denomena eqinile yokukhipha ngaphansi kwesenzo sensimu kagesi. Le nto ibizwa ngokuthi ukungcoliswa kwe-flatholu.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-insulation floshition floshiture. (Kusuka eChina Electric Power Research Institute)
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuvimbelaUkungcola kweFlashover. Indlela yendabuko ukuhlanza igridi yamandla ngesikhathi sokulungiswa entwasahlobo nasekwindla, nokusebenzisa izimbotshana ezifana namafutha e-silicone kanye namafutha e-silicone. Ukulungisa ngokungafanele ibanga le-insulages nakho kuyindlela.
Lapha, sicela unikeze ngethemu lesibili lochwepheshe -Ibanga le-creepage. Ibanga le-Creapeage yindlela emfushane kunazo zonke ekalwa ngasebusweni be-insulator phakathi kwezinto ezimbili eziqhutshwa noma phakathi kwengxenye yokuhambisa kanye nesibonisi esibonakalayo semishini. Isidingo esincane sebanga le-insulage of insulators emigqeni yokudlulisela sihlobene namandla kagesi phakathi kwezinto ezenziwayo zombili iziphetho ze-insulator, impahla yokufakwa, kanye nesimo sokungcola endaweni ezungezile. Ngokuvamile, ibanga elide, ibanga elincane okungenzeka ukuthi lizokungcolisa i-flatholu.
Ibanga le-creeplage lingabonakala njengebanga elifushane kakhulu lapho intuthwane okufanele lihambe khona isuka kwelinye ikhishwe liye kwelinye.
Ukuqamba ama-insulators ngesimo se-curved, 'amapuleti amancane' noma 'amapuleti', kanye nokwandisa inani labagqoke, kungakhulisa ibanga lokuzikhandla futhi kuvikele imigqa yokuhambisa '. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi semvula, le nkuthazo ebunjiwe ingavimbela indle ukuthi igeleze ngokuqondile kusuka engxenyeni yayo ephezulu kuya engxenyeni yayo engezansi engxenyeni yayo ephansi, yakha umjikelezo ofushane. Ngemuva kokuthi uthuli luwela kulolu hlasela olubunjiwe, luzosatshalaliswa ngokungafanele, okuthi ngezinga elithile eliqinisekisa amandla ayo acindezelwe.
Ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwe-FlashOver kungumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwemigqa yokuhambisa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwentwasahlobo kanye nokwindla kwegridi yamandla, abasebenzi begridi bazokhuphuka izigxobo eziphakeme nemibhoshongo ukuze bahlanze futhi basule ama-insulators!
Ukubona lokhu, uyabona yini ukuthi lezi 'zitsha ezincane' zibaluleke kakhulu? Njengoba kubaluleke kakhulu, ungayibizi 'isitsha esincane se-Bowl Bowl'. Funda igama layo lesayensi ngokuzwakalayo naye:Jue Yuan Zi!Umshini wenulati